Functional traits and local environment predict vegetation responses to disturbance: a pan-European multi-site experiment

被引：141

作者：

Bernhardt-Roemermann, Markus ^{[1
]}

Gray, Alan ^{[2
]}

Vanbergen, Adam J. ^{[2
]}

Berges, Laurent ^{[3
]}

Bohner, Andreas ^{[4
]}

Brooker, Rob W. ^{[5
]}

De Bruyn, Luc ^{[6
,7
]}

De Cinti, Bruno ^{[8
]}

Dirnboeck, Thomas ^{[9
]}

Grandin, Ulf ^{[10
]}

Hester, Alison J. ^{[5
]}

Kanka, Robert ^{[11
]}

Klotz, Stefan ^{[12
]}

Loucougaray, Gregory ^{[13
]}

Lundin, Lars ^{[10
]}

Matteucci, Giorgio

Meszaros, Ilona ^{[14
]}

Viktor Olah ^{[14
]}

Preda, Elena ^{[15
]}

Prevosto, Bernard ^{[16
]}

Pykala, Juha ^{[17
]}

Schmidt, Wolfgang ^{[18
]}

Taylor, Michele E. ^{[19
]}

Vadineanu, Angheluta ^{[15
]}

Waldmann, Theresa ^{[18
]}

Stadler, Jutta ^{[12
]}

机构：

[1] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Ecol Evolut & Div, Dept Ecol & Geobot, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany

[2] NERC Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Edinburgh EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland

[3] Irstea, UR EFNO, F-45290 Nogent Sur Vernisson, France

[4] Agr Res & Educ Ctr Raumberg Gumpenstein, Dept Environm Ecol, A-8952 Irdning, Austria

[5] Macaulay Land Use Res Inst, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, Scotland

[6] Res Inst Nat & Forest INBO, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium

[7] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium

[8] CNR IBAF, Natl Res Council, Inst Environm & Forestal Biol, I-00016 Rome, Italy

[9] Environm Agcy Austria, Dept Ecosyst Res & Monitoring, A-1090 Vienna, Austria

[10] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden

[11] Slovak Acad Sci, Dept Ecol Analy, Inst Landscape Ecol, Bratislava 81499, Slovakia

[12] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Community Ecol, D-06120 Halle, Germany

[13] Irstea, UR Ecosyst Montagnards, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France

[14] Univ Debrecen, Dept Bot, Fac Sci & Technol, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary

[15] Univ Bucharest, Dept Syst Ecol & Sustainabil, Bucharest 050095, Romania

[16] Irstea, UR Emax Ecosyst Mediterraneens & Risques, F-13612 Aix En Provence 5, France

[17] Finnish Environm Inst, Nat Environm Ctr, Helsinki 00251, Finland

[18] Univ Gottingen, Fac Forest Sci & Forest Ecol, Dept Silviculture & Forest Ecol Temperate Zones, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany

[19] NERC Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England

来源：

JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY | 2011年 / 99卷 / 03期

关键词：

aridity; climate; continentality; determinants of plant community diversity and structure; forest; grassland; hemeroby; plant ecological strategy; resilience; resistance; RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES; SOIL COMPACTION; NATIONAL-PARK; LAND-USE; RESISTANCE; COMMUNITIES; GRASSLANDS; DIVERSITY; CLIMATE; FOREST;

D O I：

10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01794.x

中图分类号：

Q94 [植物学];

学科分类号：

071001 ;

摘要：

P>1. Disturbance is one of the most important factors structuring the taxonomic and functional composition of vegetation. Vegetation resistance or resilience to disturbance depends on local environmental conditions, further modifying the pool of species and traits. This paper aims to understand how disturbance and local environment combine to affect the resistance and resilience of vegetation. 2. A functional-trait approach was used to detect traits related to vegetation resistance and resilience, and trait attributes of individual species responding to disturbance. Trait approaches enable comparison of vegetation responses across biogeographic regions containing different species pools. 3. At 35 European forest and grassland sites, experimental disturbance (human trampling) was applied at five intensities. Indices for resistance and resilience were calculated, based on total vegetation cover, and related to climate and local site factors. Additional indices were calculated for the most common species to demonstrate traits that confer resistance and resilience to disturbance. 4. Vegetation resistance was related to occurrence of species with traits selected by a history of intensive land use (smaller leaf size, rosette plant form) and local environmental conditions. Vegetation resilience, however, was associated with ecosystem properties that facilitate higher growth rates. Resilient vegetation occurred where irradiation was higher (grasslands, open forests) with sufficient water availability (summer precipitation, humidity) and comprised of species with traits related to enhanced growth rates (increased specific leaf area, decreased leaf dry matter content). 5. Synthesis. This pan-European disturbance experiment demonstrates that different drivers (land use or climate) of vegetation response show different mechanistic responses to physical disturbance. Resistance depends on the functional composition of predominant species in the assemblage, which is strongly affected by land-use history; resilience is directly connected to growth rates affected by climate. We argue for the inclusion of land-use history and climate into the planning process for visitor management, especially in areas of high conservation interest.

引用

页码：777 / 787

页数：11