Measuring Medication Adherence Among Type 2 Diabetes: An Integrative Review

Background and Purpose: The literature indicates there is a lack of evidence of a standard for diabetes medication adherence (MA) measures. The purpose of this integrative review (IR) was to identify instruments appropriate to measure MA among adults with T2DM. Methods: The IR was conducted according to Whittemore and Knafl (2005) methodology. The databases CINAHL, OVID, PubMed, and Scopus were searched for manuscripts published between 2006 and 2016 using the keywords "adherence," "diabetes," "instrument," and "measure." Ten manuscripts reflecting the psychometric properties of twelve published instruments were reviewed. Results: The most commonly used instrument was the Morisky Medication Adherence 8 item. Reliability and validity varied among studies. Conclusion: The findings suggest the need for continued psychometric testing of diabetes MA instruments.