RETRACTED: Pierisformoside B exhibits neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in murine hippocampal and microglial cells via the HO-1/Nrf2-mediated pathway (Retracted article. See vol. 49, pg. 232, 2017)

Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Pierisformoside B (PFB) isolated from Rhododendron brachycarpum exhibits neuroprotective effects. In the present study, we examined the effect of PFB in neuroprotection and neuroinflammation by using murine hippocampal HT22 cells and BV2 microglial cells. PFB strongly inhibited glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in HT22 cells. Furthermore, in BV2 cells, PFB strongly inhibited LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX-2) protein expression and nitrite (NO), prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-1beta (IL-1 beta) production. PFB-induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and elevated HO-1 activity in the two cell lines were studied. Additionally, PFB treatment induced nuclear transcription factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and increased the promoter activity of antioxidant response elements (AREs). These results suggested that PFB may have preventive and therapeutic potential against neurodegenerative diseases that are induced by oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.