Preindustrial Control Simulations With HadGEM3-GC3.1 for CMIP6

Preindustrial control simulations with the third Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model, run in the Global Coupled configuration 3.1 of the Met Office Unified Model (HadGEM3-GC3.1) are presented at two resolutions. These are N216ORCA025, which has a horizontal resolution of 60 km in the atmosphere and 0.25 degrees in the ocean, and N96ORCA1, which has a horizontal resolution of 130 km in the atmosphere and 1 degrees in the ocean. The aim of this study is to document the climate variability in these simulations, make comparisons against present-day observations (albeit under different forcing), and discuss differences arising due to resolution. In terms of interannual variability in the leading modes of climate variability the two resolutions behave generally very similarly. Notable differences are in the westward extent of El Nino and the pattern of Atlantic multidecadal variability, in which N216ORCA025 compares more favorably to observations, and in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, which is far too weak in N216ORCA025. In the North Atlantic region, N216ORCA025 has a stronger and deeper Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, which compares well against observations, and reduced biases in temperature and salinity in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre. These simulations are being provided to the sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) and provide a baseline against which further forced experiments may be assessed.