Optimization of Sonication Time and Surfactant Concentration for Chitosan-alginate Coated Ketoprofen Nanoencapsulation

Ketoprofen nanoparticles can be used to make a controlled ketoprofen delivery system. The material composition and method of making nanoparticles used had an effect on the formation of ketoprofen nanoparticles. This study aims to obtain the optimized results of each response responses by varying the sonication time, alginate concentration, and concentration of tween 80 and characterizing the ketoprofen encapsulation efficiency, nanoparticle size, and homogeneity level. Ketoprofen nanoparticles are made by ultrasonication method. The encapsulation efficiency of ketoprofen was evaluated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry analysis, while the size of the nanoparticles were evaluated using particle size analyzer (PSA). The optimum condition of the response was predicted at sonicaton time of 18.41 minutes with alginate and tween 80 concentrations of 1% (w/v) and 3% (v/v) respectively. The optimized results of each response is predicted to be around 21,412 +/- 8.78% for encapsulation efficiency, particle size around 650,056 +/- 284.47 nm, and homogeneity level (PdI) around 0.623 +/- 0.10. The resulting equation can be used to determine the optimum value of encapsulation efficiency and particle size in the sonication time range 10 - 30 minutes, the concentration of alginate 0.2 - 1%, and the concentration of tween 80 1 - 3%.