Pore-Environment Engineering in Multifunctional Metal-Organic Frameworks

As a new type of highly ordered porous crystalline material, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been extensively studied in many fields due to their high specific surface area and porosity, flexible modifiability and tailorability. After nearly 20 years of development, the synthesis of MOF materials has gradually evolved from exploration and trial to precise design. The synthesis method has also evolved from an early one-step synthesis to the coexistence of various synthesis strategies, including functional-oriented microstructural design optimization, pore size adjustment, and secondary structural unit modification, enabling MOF materials to expand their potential applications in many fields. In this review, we mainly discuss the pore regulation of function-oriented MOF through different synthesis strategies, including (1) direct synthesis, (2) post-synthesis modification (PSM), (3) building block replacement (BBR), (4) pore space partition (PSP), (5) construction of multi-mesoporous MOF, (6) dynamic septal ligand insertion, and discuss the relationship between related performance optimization through framework structure and pore environment/size optimization.