Complex beam steering from substrate integrated waveguide leaky wave antenna array

A wideband single-beam/dual-beam leaky wave antenna (LWA) system based on periodic composite right-left handed substrate integrated waveguide is presented in this article. The proposed array can be a good candidate for tracking applications and intelligent protection systems. The system is contributed by installing in parallel two different antenna structures. The first antenna transmits in the frequency band 6.9-11 GHz where the second antenna radiates in the band 8.9-13.8 GHz, the frequencies of the broadside radiation are allocated at 7.8 and 10.2 GHz for the first and the second LWA, respectively. The results demonstrate the potential of the proposed system to continuously steer a single or a dual beams from -72 degrees to 73 degrees. The antenna system has a flexible beam scanning mechanism, good radiation efficiency, and maximum gain of 15.2 dBi. The simulation and the measurement results match well with the theoretical analysis described in the article.