Evaluation of the Frequency Bandwidth and Gain Properties of Antennas: Characteristics of Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas

Frequency bandwidth, gain, and dimensions are some of the most important characteristics of antennas. A comparison of the most important characteristics of circularly polarized microstrip antennas (CP MSAs) [1]-[33], using traditional methods, is accomplished in this article. The CP MSAs were chosen for the study because MSAs have been the most dynamically developing field of antennas over the last few decades [34], [35] and the CP is the more complex type of polarization than linear polarization (LP). The disadvantages of traditional methods of comparison, in which the antennas are practically compared according to only one characteristic, are indicated. Several criteria, simultaneously taking into account the effect of the frequency bandwidth, gain, and antenna dimensions, are proposed. These criteria can be used for a more complete evaluation of antenna characteristics.