Lung volume reduction surgery for emphysema

Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) is a recently reintroduced therapy for patients with emphysema that is refractory to medical management. Although many patients benefit from this procedure, it is not universally helpful for all patients, and the duration of benefit is variable. This article reviews the literature regarding the short- and long-term physiologic and quality of life outcomes following LVRS. The authors also discuss potential mechanisms for improvement and potential criteria for patient selection.