This article defines an industrial development strategy, which should not only allow Spain to overcome the serious damage caused by the two recent crises - the Great Recession and the coronavirus pandemic - but also enable a significant increase in the weight of the manufacturing sector in her GDP, thus reversing part of the deindustrialization process experienced in recent decades. The aid which Spain will receive from the NextGenerationEU fund will offer a great opportunity to ambitiously implement such a policy, given the solid competitive foundations of Spanish industry. Nevertheless, it is crucial to count on a more active state, with a broader vision of the role it can play in industrial development and equipped with better instruments of intervention.