Development of friction constitutive relations for polymers

Variations of friction with respect to a sliding direction and a sliding path are observed at boundaries of solid polymers. In the contribution the author proposes several friction relations taking into account friction anisotropy, heterogeneity and fluctuating surface microstructures. Adhesion and hysteresis effects are included in friction models of elastomers. In melted polymers and polymer solutions the micro-elements composing the material move with a highly anisotropic friction. Continuum based models and microscopic-level models are used for the friction description inside the polymeric materials. Specific models of polymeric macromolecules (Rouse model, de Gennes model, rods and discs) and different modes of their kinematics (sliding, rolling and spinning) are taken into account.