Asymmetric field dependence of the specific heat of the three-state Potts model on a square lattice

Even in zero magnetic field, the exact solution of the three-state Potts model on a square lattice has never been obtained. Also, the properties of the three-state Potts model on a square lattice are little known for nonzero magnetic field. Unlike the Ising model which follows the Lee-Yang circle theorem and is symmetric under an external magnetic field, the three-state Potts model violates the circle theorem, and its properties in an external magnetic field are asymmetric for positive and negative external magnetic fields. The Wang-Landau sampling method is applied to estimate the unknown density of states g(epsilon, mu) as a function of the microscopic energy epsilon and the microscopic magnetization mu for the three-state Potts model on a square lattice in an external magnetic field. Based on the estimated density of states, the properties of the asymmetric field dependence of the specific heat for the three-state Potts model on a square lattice are studied in an external magnetic field.