Physical activity patterns associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and reduced mortality: The aerobics center longitudinal study

Objectives. This study examined cross sectionally the physical activity patterns associated with low, moderate, and high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness. Methods. Physical activity was assessed by questionnaire in a clinic population of 13 444 men and 3972 women 20 to 87 years of age. Estimated energy expenditure (kcal.wk(-1)) and volume (min.wk(-1)) of reported activities were calculated among individuals at low, moderate, and high fitness levels (assessed by maximal exercise tests). Results. Average leisure time energy expenditures of 525 to 1650 kcal.wk(-1) for men and 420 to 1260 kcal.wk(-1) for women were associated with moderate to high levels of fitness. These levels of energy expenditure can be achieved with a brisk walk of approximately 30 minutes on most days of the week. In fact, men in the moderate and high fitness categories walked between 130 and 138 min.wk(-1), and women in these categories walked between 148 and 167 min.wk(-1) Conclusions. Most individuals should be able to achieve these physical activity goals and thus attain a cardiorespiratory fitness level sufficient to result in substantial health benefits.