Utilization of Doped Nanoparticles of ZnO and TiO2 as Antimicrobial Agent (A-Review)

Nanotechnology deals with the measurement and modeling of matter at nanoscale level by integrating the field of engineering and technology. Nanoparticles (NPs) have to be characterized for chemical, physical, optical and electrical properties followed by their catalytic assessment for exploiting their potential in antimicrobial aspects. Recent interest in nanotechnology witnessed the importance of doped NPs in various biomedical fields. Some of the prominent features of doped NPs that imparts them greater antimicrobial activity involves their stabilization, large surface area to volume ratio, and their ability to generate reactive oxygen species as a result of modification of band structure by introducing dopants into them. The types of dopants, synthesis techniques and experimental parameters are known to affect the overall electronic structure of the material, which leads to varied antibacterial efficiency. This review article provides in-depth information of utilization of doped nanoparticles of ZnO and TiO2 which are actively in pursuit for antibacterial potential against various bacterial and fungal strains.