Australoheros capixaba, a new species of Australoheros from south-eastern Brazil (Labroidei: Cichlidae: Cichlasomatinae)

Australoheros eapixaba, new species, is distributed along the rio Itaunas, rio Barra Seca, rio Sao Mateus and the lower rio Doce basins. The new species is distinguished from its congeners in the rio Parana-Uruguay system and Laguna dos Patos system by having 12 caudal vertebrae (vs. 13-15). Australoheros eapixaba differs from the other species of Australoheros from south-eastern Brazil by its coloration in life (a reddish chest, large spots on the dorsal region of the trunk and a green iridescence on the pelvic fins). It also differs from some of its congeners by having a longer caudal peduncle, a longer analfin spine, fewer dorsal-fin spines and fewer anal-fin rays. Australoheros capixaba sp. n. is the first species from the genus described for the Estado do Espirito Santo, south-eastern Brazil. The phylogenetic placement of the species in the genus cannot be discussed, because there is no phylogenetic work about the Australoheros species from south-eastern Brazil.