Effects of cicletanine on the progression of renal failure in 5/6 nephrectomized hypertensive rats

1. The effect of cicletanine, a novel antihypertensive agent with natriuretic activity, on blood pressure and progression of renal failure in 5/6 nephrectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats with salt loading was examined, 2, All nephrectomized rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups and their diet was changed from a normal- to a high-salt (5.5% NaCl) diet for the next 10 weeks, Either 10 or 50 mg/kg per day cicletanine (low- and high-dose cicletanine, respectively) or 10 mg/kg per day trichlormethiazide were administered to rats during this period once a day. During the experimental period, urine volume, urinary excretion of sodium, protein, prostaglandin (PG) E-2 and 6-keto-PGF(1 alpha) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured every 2 weeks, 3, Systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced by the administration of trichlormethiazide and the higher dose of cicletanine, hut not by the lower dose of cicletanine, 4. In contrast with changes to SBP, levels of serum creatinine in rats treated with both doses of cicletanine were significantly lower than in controls (0.57 +/- 0.12, 0.78 +/- 0.12 and 1.68 +/- 0.26 mg/dL for high- and low-dose cicletanine and control, respectively), 5. Urinary excretion off both PGE(2) and 6-keto-PGF(1 alpha) were significantly increased in groups treated with high and low doses of cicletanine compared with control, In rats treated with trichlormethiazide, PGE(2) and 6-keto-PGF(1 alpha) levels were significantly decreased compared with control. 6. In contrast with changes in SBP, marked glomerular sclerosis with hyalinosis found in the control group was not ameliorated by trichlormethiazide treatment, These changes were not observed in rats treated with low- and high-dose cicletanine, particularly those treated with the higher dose of cicletanine, 7. These data suggest that administration of cicletanine has a beneficial, protective effect regarding the progression of renal failure, regardless of the level of blood pressure, through a direct and for indirect action on the glomerulus.