Language-Based Expression of Reliability and Parallelism for Low-Power Computing

Improving the energy-efficiency of computing systems while ensuring reliability is a challenge in all domains, ranging from low-power embedded devices to large-scale servers. In this context, a key issue is that many techniques aiming to reduce power consumption negatively affect reliability, while fault tolerance techniques require computation or state redundancy that increases power consumption, thereby leading to systematic tradeoffs. Managing these tradeoffs requires a combination of techniques involving both the hardware and the software, as it is impractical to focus on a single component or level of the system to reach adequate power consumption and reliability. In this paper, we adopt a language-based approach to express reliability and parallelism, in which programs remain adaptable after compilation and may be executed with different strategies concerning reliability and energy consumption. We implement the proposed programming model, which is named MISO, and perform an experimental analysis aiming to improve the reliability of programs, through fault injection experiments conducted at compile-time, as well as an experimental measurement of power consumption. The results obtained indicate that it is feasible to write programs that remain adaptable after compilation in order to improve the ability to balance reliability, power, and performance.