Energy Management and Operational Control Methods for Grid Battery Energy Storage Systems

Energy storage is one of the key means for improving the flexibility, economy and security of power system. It is also important in promoting new energy consumption and the energy Internet. Therefore, energy storage is expected to support distributed power and the micro-grid, promote open sharing and flexible trading of energy production and consumption, and realize multi-functional coordination. In recent years, with the rapid development of the battery energy storage industry, its technology has shown the characteristics and trends for large-scale integration and distributed applications with multi-objective collaboration. As a grid-level application, energy management systems (EMS) of a battery energy storage system (BESS) were deployed in real time at utility control centers as an important component of power grid management. Based on the analysis of the development status of a BESS, this paper introduced application scenarios, such as reduction of power output fluctuations, agreement to the output plan at the renewable energy generation side, power grid frequency adjustment, power flow optimization at the power transmission side, and a distributed and mobile energy storage system at the power distribution side. The studies and application status of a BESS in recent years were reviewed. The energy management, operation control methods, and application scenes of large-scale BESSs were also examined in the study.