Classical Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a garnet lattice: A Monte Carlo simulation

We have studied a classical antiferromagnet on a garnet lattice by means of Monte Carlo simulations in an attempt to examine the role of geometrical frustration in gadolinium gallium garnet Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG). Low-temperature specific heat, magnetization, susceptibility, the autocorrelation function A(t), and the neutron scattering function S(Q) have been calculated for several models including different types of magnetic interactions and with the presence of an external magnetic field applied along the principal symmetry axes. A model, which includes only nearest-neighbor exchange J(1), neither orders down to the lowest temperature nor does it show any tendency towards forming a short-range coplanar spin structure. This model, however, does demonstrate a magnetic field induced ordering below T similar to0.01J(1). In order to reproduce the experimentally observed properties of GGG, the simulated model must include nearest-neighbor exchange interactions and also dipolar forces. The presence of weak next-to-nearest exchange interactions is found to be insignificant. In zero field S(Q) exhibits diffuse magnetic scattering around positions in reciprocal space where antiferromagnetic Bragg peaks appear in an applied magnetic field.