The diagnosis value of endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial lung biopsy combined with rapid on-site evaluation in peripheral lung cancer

Introduction Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) has the potential to increase endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial lung biopsy with guide sheath (EBUS-GS-TBLB) accuracy in the diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer. However, studies have reported controversial results. Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnosis value of EBUS-GS-TBLB combination with ROSE in peripheral lung cancer. Methods A total of 138 patients undergoing EBUS-GS-TBLB and ultimately diagnosed with lung cancer were allocated into the ROSE group and non-ROSE group. The result of the diagnostic yields, number of biopsy sites, the complication, cytopathological diagnostic cost and procedure times of EBUS-GS-TBLB with ROSE and without ROSE were compared. Results The diagnostic yields of TBLB were 87.8% and 78.1% in ROSE group and non-ROSE group, respectively (P < .05). The number of biopsy, procedure times and the percentage of the complication in ROSE group was significantly lower than in non-ROSE group (P < .05, respectively). The cytopathological diagnostic cost of ROSE group was lower compared with non-ROSE group (P < .05). Conclusions EBUS-GS-TBLB combined with ROSE could be helpful to diagnose peripheral lung cancer, and could reduce the number of biopsy, procedure times, cytopathological diagnostic cost and complication.