Complex Conflict Dynamics in Mali

Ethnic tensions have long existed in Mali, and intercommunal violence erupted in light of the crisis in 2012. The current resurgence in the north has inflamed an increase in ethnic tensions, and armed groups in the north have splintered into conflicts between local communities, ethnic groups and tribes. 2 The conflict degenerated into conflicts between several ethnic groups. ethnic groups have been systematically associated with, and suspected to have colluded with, radical armed movements, without no clear indication of collaboration. Any long-term solution must include genuine attempts to address the fundamental problems that have been feeding the conflict for many years. The northern regions have long suffered from neglect by the central government, despite the undertaken development programs. In light of the low state capacity and presence contributing to a feeling of marginalization of northern communities, and due to the presence of weak institutions, external strategies should have an important role as an intermediary between the state and local communities with a wide range of instruments. Furthermore, social cohesion is of great relevance to any possible solution to the crisis. The communities living in northern Mali need to be connected to each other somehow to make a living, a condition of their survival and thus of cessation of violent acts. This can only be done by building (re)alliances and efficiently working with strategies that do not neglect both local and central authorities.