Incidence and predictors of new-onset constipation during acute hospitalisation after stroke

ObjectivesWe investigated new-onset constipation in patients with stroke compared with orthopaedic conditions and explored the predictors associated with constipation during acute hospitalisation. MethodsThis was a prospective matched cohort study of 110 patients comparing stroke patients (n=55) with orthopaedic patients (n=55) admitted to a large tertiary acute hospital. Both cohorts were matched by age and sex. The incidence of new-onset constipation which occurred during a patient's acute hospitalisation was determined. Demographics, comorbidity, clinical factors, laboratory parameters and medications were evaluated as possible predictors of constipation. ResultsThe incidence of new-onset constipation was high for both stroke (33%) and orthopaedic patients (27%; p=0.66). Seven stroke patients (39%) and four orthopaedic patients (27%) developed their first onset of constipation on day 2 of admission. Mobility gains (RR 0.741, p<0.001) and the use of prophylactic laxatives (RR 0.331, p<0.01) had a protective effect against constipation. Bedpan use (RR 2.058, p<0.05) and longer length of stay (RR 1.032, p<0.05) increased the risk of developing new-onset constipation. ConclusionsNew-onset constipation is common among patients admitted for stroke and orthopaedic conditions during acute hospitalisation. The early occurrence, on day 2 of admission, calls for prompt preventive intervention for constipation.