EDT: A Specification Notation for Reactive Systems

Requirements of reactive systems express the relationship between sensors and actuators and are usually described in a natural language and a mix of state-based and stream-based paradigms. Translating these into a formal language is an important pre-requisite to automate the verification of requirements. The analysis effort required for the translation is a prime hurdle to formalization gaining acceptance among software engineers and testers. We present Expressive Decision Tables (EDT), a novel formal notation designed to reduce the translation efforts from both state-based and stream-based informal requirements. We have also built a tool, EDTTool, to generate test data and expected output from EDT specifications. In a case study consisting of more than 200 informal requirements of a real-life automotive application, translation of the informal requirements into EDT needed 43% lesser time than their translation into Statecharts. Further, we tested the Statecharts using test data generated by EDTTool from the corresponding EDT specifications. This testing detected one bug in a mature feature and exposed several missing requirements in another. The paper presents the EDT notation, comparison to other similar notations and the details of the case study.