The tackle in South African youth rugby union - Gap between coaches' knowledge and training behaviour

In youth rugby union matches, tackle-related injuries account for 60% of all injuries, 62% of concussion injuries and almost 50% of spinal cord injuries (youth and amateur). Because of this high risk of injury, the inclusion of the tackle in youth rugby has been a topic of discussion in the public and a high priority research area for World Rugby. What a coach knows and his/her attitude toward player safety directly impacts the risk and performance profile of a player. The purpose of this study is to describe the tackle knowledge, attitudes and training behaviours of youth rugby coaches. The entire population of Western Province Rugby Union Premier A1 division (highest level of school rugby) under-19 rugby coaches (n=8) completed a knowledge and attitude questionnaire and 96 field-training sessions were observed over four weeks. Coaches rated tackling (mean 3.9, 95% confidence interval 3.3-4.4), rucking (mean 3.8, 95% confidence interval 3.0-4.5) and ball-carrying (mean 3.6, 95% confidence interval 2.6-4.6) as high-risk of injury facets of play (H=30.8, p<0.001). Coaching proper technique was rated as very important for safety (mean 4.6, 95% confidence interval 4.2-5.0) and performance (mean 4.8, 95% confidence interval 4.4-5.0, U=28, p>0.05). Of the 96 observed training sessions, tackle training was recorded 16% of the time (vs. 84% no tackle training, p<0.001). Coaches were aware of the risk of injury in the tackle and rated the coaching of proper technique of utmost importance. These positive knowledge and attitudes did not transfer into their tackle training. The discrepancy between coaches' tackle knowledge and attitudes, and their training of the tackle might be related to how competent they believe themselves to be in delivering tackle training.