Medium-Early Spring Wheat Cultivars Depending on The Level of Mineral Nutrition in The Northern Forest-Steppe of The Tyumen Region

This article analyzes the results by the yield and grain quality of two spring wheat cultivars Tyumenskaya Yubileynaya and Tyumenocka, depending on the level of mineral nutrition in the forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen region. The length of the vegetation period corresponded to the climatic conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen region. In the reference variant and the variant with 4 tons of NPK per hectare, it was 90 days, and in the variants with 4 and 6 t/ha, it was 92 days. In the reference variant, the average yield of the Tyumenskaya Yubileynaya cultivar over the three years was 3.31 t/ha, and that of the Tyumenocka cultivar - 2.93 t/ha. The introduction of mineral fertilizers for the planned yield of 4 t/ha allowed obtaining the yield for the Tyumenskaya Yubileynaya cultivar equal to 4.14 t/ha, which was by 0.83 t/ha more than in the reference variant. The Tyumenocka cultivar yielded 3.83 t/ha, which was by 0.90 t/ha higher than in the reference variant. Further increasing the dosages of mineral fertilizers to 5 t/ha allowed obtaining 4.73 - 4.72 t/ha for both cultivars, which was by 0.27 - 0.28 t/ha lower than planned yield. The content of gluten in the grain of cultivar Tyumenskaya Yubileynaya in the reference variant was 27.2 %, of the Tyumenocka cultivar - 24.2 %. In the variant with 4 tons of NPK per hectare, an increase in the content of gluten by 9.6 - 10.4 %, respectively, was noted. According to the economic calculations, the most favorable for spring wheat cultivation in the Tyumen region is the level of mineral fertilization equal to 5 tons of NPK per hectare.