Naturalised Vitis Rootstocks in Europe and Consequences to Native Wild Grapevine

被引:55
|
作者
Arrigo, Nils [2 ]
Arnold, Claire [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Neuchatel, Natl Ctr Competence Res Plant Survival, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
[2] Univ Neuchatel, Lab Evolutionary Bot, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland
来源
PLOS ONE | 2007年 / 2卷 / 06期
关键词
D O I
10.1371/journal.pone.0000521
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
The genus Vitis is represented by several coexisting species in Europe. Our study focuses on naturalised rootstocks that originate in viticulture. The consequences of their presence to the landscape and to native European species (Vitis vinifera ssp. silvestris) are evaluated. This study compares ecological traits (seven qualitative and quantitative descriptors) and the genetic diversity (10 SSR markers) of populations of naturalised rootstocks and native wild grapevines. 18 large naturalised rootstock populations were studied in the Rhone watershed. Wild European grapevines are present in four main habitats (screes, alluvial forests, hedges, and streamside hedges). In contrast, naturalised rootstock populations are mainly located in alluvial forests, but they clearly take advantage of alluvial system dynamics and connectivity at the landscape level. These latter populations appear to reproduce sexually, and show a higher genetic diversity than Vitis vinifera ssp. silvestris. The regrouping of naturalised rootstocks in interconnected populations tends to create active hybrid swarms of rootstocks. The rootstocks show characters of invasive plants. The spread of naturalised rootstocks in the environment, the acceleration of the decline of the European wild grapevine, and the propagation of genes of viticultural interest in natural populations are potential consequences that should be kept in mind when undertaking appropriate management measures.
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页数:8
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