Self-regulation of mood through distraction: The distraction process

Effective distraction is an important key in overcoming depression. However, distraction can also produce a reverse effect. The present article reviews factors affecting the effect of distraction. For consideration of relevant factors, past studies were divided into those with a framework that focused on comparing distraction with other coping strategies, and those that focused on various distractors and process of distraction. From the viewpoint of the distraction process, a model was proposed, made up of the context of the distraction, intention, choice of distractor, distraction execution, and conclusion. In order for the use of distraction to be effective, the context, intention, benefit, and cost of the distraction, as well as attention in execution, and short-term and long-term effects have to be considered.