Toxicity management of chimeric antigen receptor T-cells

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR T-cells) represent a very promising treatment for both hematological malignancies and solid tumors. Many clinical trials are currently on-going to establish the role of this emerging therapy. The toxicities observed after CAR T-cells infusion are mostly represented by a cytokine release syndrome and neurological symptoms. Athough reversible, these adverse events remain associated with morbidity and mortality in patients. The objective of this review is to describe these adverse events, also discussing their physiopathology and management, based on the recent recommendations published by the CARTOX working group (CAR T-cell-therapy-associated TOXicity working group) in the US.