Hepatosplenic candidiasis in non-neutropenic patients: A case report and literature survey

Hepatosplenic candidiasis is an increasingly recognized infectious complication in patients who have an underlying malignancy and/or have chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Only six cases of hepatosplenic candidiasis in non-neutropenic patients have been described to date, to which we add a seventh. Our patient had many of the classically described manifestations of hepatosplenic candidiasis, and responded well to therapy with amphotericin B. Retrospective comparative analysis of cases of hepatosplenic candidiasis reveals that non-neutropenic patients seem to respond well to medical therapy that is less intensive than that given to neutropenic subjects (total dosage of amphotericin B 0.84 g vs. 2.70 g, respectively) and tend to have a better prognosis (mortality rate 33% vs. 44%, respectively).