Comparison between three-dimensional electro-anatomical mapping and conventional mapping in the ablation of atrial tachycardias

In atrial tachycardias, catheter ablation using conventional mapping system is associated with high immediate success and low recurrence. Three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping system combined to catheter ablation of atrial tachycardias has reached, in small uncontroled series, success rates of 100%. However, limited data are available about rates of recurrence or complication using this approach. In order to compare both mapping systems, we have conducted a study of 65 consecutive patients (36 women and 29 men) that underwent both electrophysiologic study and catheter ablation for suspected atrial tachycardias. Pre-existing heart disease was noted in 43%, hypertension in 32% and a history of atrial fibrillation of flutter in 52%. Catheter ablation guided by conventional mapping was undertaken in 44 patients and by three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping in 21. Successful ablation was performed in 68% of patients with conventional mapping and in 90% with three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping. No complication and recurrence were observed with the latter approach, while 5 patients had a recurrence and 2 had immediate complication with conventional mapping. Catheter ablation of atrial tachycardias combined with three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping appeared to be effective and safe, however, conventional mapping system still remains a reliable approach that must be considered as the first choice for atrial tachycardias ablation.