Compact PIFA Antenna with H-Tree Fractal for Mobile Handset Applications

In this paper, a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) for mobile handset applications is studied. The proposed structure covers the GSM (880-960 MHz), DCS (1710-1880 MHz), PCS (1880-1990 MHz), UMTS (1920-2170 MHz) and some Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) applications bands (E5, E6, G2, L2, L5). The miniaturization in the antenna size is achieved by introducing the H-Tree fractal. The setup of H-Tree fractal allows obtaining lower resonant frequencies, more-6dB bandwidths, more resonant frequencies and important gains compared to most previous works. The antenna has compact size of 40x26x1.7mm3. The radiation patterns in the lower operating bandwidths are almost the same as the omnidirectional characteristics. The influences of various design parameters are investigated using CADFEKO, a Method of Moment (MoM) based solver.