Robust video watermarking using perceptual information and motion vector

This paper proposes a video watermarking algorithm, where watermark embedding and detection process are carried out during MPEG-2 coding process. Watermark signal is embedded in DCT coefficients of I-frames and P-frames and the embedding energy is computed adaptively using perceptual information of the I-frames and the P-frames, and motion vectors information in the P-frame. Computer simulation results show the watermark robustness to common signal processing, such as contamination by noise, cropping, frame dropping, frame swapping and frame averaging, etc. Also watermark imperceptibility is evaluated by conventional PSNR and perceptual video quality measurement, taking more than 45dB and 0.96, respectively. Also the proposed system has very little influence on the MPEG codingtdecoding speed.