Compatible Swarm Intelligence Model and Construction Method to Satisfy Bridge Design and Load Rating Requirements and Considering Geotechnical Variability

This paper details the novel combination of a population-based swarm intelligence algorithm, structure mechanics, geotechnical variability, and a specific construction staging methodology, to propose an autonomous construction system which can erect a bridge over arbitrary crossing geometry while satisfying project constraints and conventional design code requirements (the Proposal). The fields of metaheuristic applications in structures (MAS), unmanned aerial systems (UAS), and additive manufacturing are all independent innovations in the transportation industry. The Proposal brings these fields together, with a vision that independent drone robots with very basic programming could construct a bridge with no user interruption and without performing a conventional structural design. A simulation as proof-of-concept is compared with a modern bridge design; the result is a modest increase in materials with an anticipated dramatic saving in labor. The paper also studies the effects of geotechnical variability for insight into preparation for possible future construction methodologies and algorithms. The Proposal has promise where socio-economic issues may be a factor, such as construction of infrastructure in remote locations or developing nations, and emergency repair or replacement of bridges. With recent U.S. policy supporting a permanent lunar presence and expanding Moon to Mars exploration through the Artemis program, the Proposal may also assist infrastructure development in advance of human missions.