Discussion of seismic diagenetic facies of deep reservoir in the East China Sea Basin

Evaluation of seismic diagenetic facies is an effective interpretation procedure to characterize the spatial distribution of diagenetic facies in deep tight sandstones in offshore sparse well areas. Based on petrographic and seismic data, research on seismic diagenetic facies was used in the proposed workflow to predict the spatial distribution and distribution characteristics of seismic diagenetic facies for the third (H4c) sub-member of the fourth (H4) member of the E(3)h Formation in the Xihu Sag, East China Sea Basin, Eastern China. Herein, two discriminant functions between the core-derived diagenetic facies and the seismic elastic parameters of shear modulus, p-wave impedance, and porosity data volume were established using the supervised learning method, and seismic data X and seismic data Y containing diagenetic facies information were evaluated. Based on the linear function between seismic data X and seismic data Y, a new seismic data volume was calculated and a comprehensive index of diagenetic facies was proposed to describe the distribution of diagenetic facies. The comprehensive index of diagenetic facies can better identify the spatial distribution of diagenetic facies. The results of seismic diagenetic facies research mainly focused on (1) the spatial distribution of diagenetic facies and (2) the distribution characteristics of diagenetic facies. Based on core-derived diagenetic facies, typical stratal slices, and sedimentary microfacies, the spatial distribution of seismic diagenetic facies in the two sublayers of the H4c sandstone was accurately interpreted. The northern part of the H4c1 and H4c2 sublayers mainly developed quartz-cemented facies and a small amount of chlorite-coated quartz facies. The southern part and the surrounding areas of the H4c1 and H4c2 sublayers primarily developed tightly compacted facies. The area near four (F1, F2, F3, and F4) faults in the H4c1 sublayer mainly developed a small amount of dissolution facies, whereas the area near the F2 and F4 faults in the H4c2 sublayer primarily developed a small amount of dissolution facies. Furthermore, the distribution characteristics of seismic diagenetic facies were investigated from the perspective of sedimentary microfacies and diagenetic facies. The chlorite-coated facies is mainly distributed in the subaqueous distributary channel sedimentary microfacies. The dissolution facies is primarily distributed in the subaqueous distributary channel and sheet sand sedimentary microfacies near the faults. This study shows that the research of seismic diagenetic facies using petrographic data and seismic data can better predict the spatial distribution of diagenetic facies of deep tight sandstone.