Modeling of laser beam deviation and estimation of link outage due to the presence of air bubbles in the underwater wireless optical communication system

The performance of underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) system is significantly affected by the air bubbles present in the water. Due to the random interaction of different sized air bubbles with the propagating beam, the received signal gets deviated from the weighted centroid and shows random variations. A Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is proposed to estimate these variations. Moreover, to check the feasibility of the proposed model Goodness of Fit (GoF) test is performed which provides excellent results. Additionally, the experimental and theoretical outage probabilities are compared which shows close agreement and hence, verifies the precision of the proposed model.