Oral malodor reduction by a palatal mucoadhesive tablet containing herbal formulation

Objective: The aim of the present study was to test the effect of a palatal mucoadhesive tablet containing an herbal formulation on oral malodor production and volatile sulfide compound (VSC) levels, and to evaluate its antimicrobial activity. Methods: A total of 56 healthy young volunteers participated in experiments 1 and 2. The palatal adhesive tablets were prepared with different active ingredients (herbal formulation, zinc and chlorhexidine), or without an active ingredient as control (placebo). Measurement included odor judge scores (two judges) and VSC readings by a sulfide monitor (Halimeter (R)). In experiment 3, the antimicrobial activity of the herbal formulation ingredients (i.e. sage, Echinacea, Lavender and Mastic gum) were tested against three oral pathogens (Streptoccocus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Candida albicans) by the agar diffusion test. Results: Application of the palatal adhesive tablets containing herbal formulation resulted in a significant reduction in both oral malodor scores (p < 0.001) and VSC levels (p = 0.013). Herbal formulation showed higher significance in VSC reduction (p = 0.001), as compared to zinc and chlorhexidine (p = 0.024 and 0.032, respectively). Sage, Lavender and Mastic gum showed antimicrobial activity against all three oral pathogens. Conclusions: Results of the present study suggest that the palatal adhesive tablets containing herbal formulation may serve as an effective means of treatment for patients complaining of oral malodor. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.