Impacts of greenhouse gas emissions on ambient air quality in kwashe municipal solid waste landfill in Kurdistan region, Iraq

The aim of this study is to estimate the evolution of some greenhouse emissions from Kwashe municipal solid waste landfill in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The emission of gasses as CH4, CO2, CO, O-2, O-3, and H2S from the landfills in three sites was measured by the Drager multi-gas detector X-am 5600. The formation of CH4 inside the landfill body is spatial according to the load of the buried organic waste, the degree of organic waste moisture content, the spatial pH, and temperature within the landfill body, and further found to be higher thousands fold over its over save ranges in the third site. The liberation of CO2 is greater than its normal background in the atmosphere as 0.03% in three sites, especially in the third site to reach its risk level and at least hundred times greater than the normal ranges of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. These reflect the high load of organic waste greater than the half and most of decomposition is carried by aerobic respiration. CO level in site 3 recorded the highest values in the first week and remained over the normal range till the end of investigation. The ozone formation ranges between 0.01 to 0.05 ppm and there is a parent difference between the sites. The highest emissions of H2S were noticed in site 3 and the peak was recorded in the first week of observation at 5 ppm. Then, the liberation continued after 4 weeks to 8 weeks, indicating that the load of wet organic waste deposition is concentrated on site 3.