An internal integrated microstrip antenna for PCS/cellular telephones and ether hand-held portable communication equipment

A compact wideband internal integrated microstrip antenna for personal communications services (PCS) and cellular telephones has been developed. The infernal microstrip antenna is extremely rugged and may be integrated into the PCB or plastic case of the telephone. If is also mechanically rigid and reduces the overall size of the telephone, The antenna is sensitive to both vertically and horizontally polarized waves and its radiation patterns have good isotropic characteristics in all the principal planes. The antenna could be easily shielded to reduce interaction between it and the human body. Hence, the device has a very low specific absorption rate (SAR) value and good performance beside the human body as well as in free space. The antenna also may be used in other applications such as digital cordless telephones, pagers, wireless modems and Personal Computer Memory Card international Association (PCMCIA) pager cards.