Study on Flow in Fractured Porous Media Using Pore-Fracture Network Modeling

Microscopic flow in fractured porous media is a typical problem for the exploitation of tight reservoirs. The rapid-flow in the fractured porous-media is of great significance to efficient and continuous oil/gas exploitation. The fractures are expected to enhance flow conductivity and mass transfer between matrix and fractures, and to improve oil displacement during water flooding. However, the fractures may also lead to water channeling under some conditions. The understanding on the mechanism of the microscopic flow in the fractured porous media has been insufficient until now. In this paper, a two-dimensional pore-fracture network model is presented to study the role of fractures in the flow. The effects of two main dimensionless parameters, fracture length to network length l(f)/l and fracture density N-f/N, on the absolute permeability and the oil displacement efficiency are investigated. The results show that the flow in the matrix plays a controlling role at a low fracture density. Once the fracture density exceeds a certain value, the flow is controlled by fractures. With the increase of the fracture density, the oil displacement efficiency develops into three typical stages: when N-f/N < 0.1, the oil displacement efficiency increases rapidly; when 0.1 < N-f/N < 0.5, the oil displacement efficiency changes slowly; and when N-f/N > 0.5, the oil displacement efficiency decreases rapidly. In the case l(f)/l > 0.8, the water mainly flows through a concentrated path connected by some fractures, resulting in it bypassing most oil regions, and thus the oil displacement efficiency decreases rapidly, similar to the water channeling.