How Deviation of Nasal Septum Affects Nasal Appearance in Unilateral Cleft Patients: A Study Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Aim: To quantitatively evaluate the relationship between nasal appearance and nasal septum deviation in unilateral complete cleft patients using cone-beam computed tomography. Method: Cone-beam computed tomography images of 180 patients with unilateral cleft lip/palate from June 2014 to June 2017 were used in the study. None of the subjects had undergone septoplasty. The data were compared between the 2 groups to elucidate the relationship between nasal appearance and deviated nasal septum in unilateral complete cleft patients. Results: The mean age of a total of 180 patients (126 males and 54 females) was 14.58 years, with a standard deviation of 7.10 years, ranged from 6 years old to 49 years old. Columella nasi symmetry parameters show slight positive significant association with angle of nasal septal deviation on transerve plan (r = 0.250, P < 0.001), TRSD (r = 0.323, P < 0.001) and coronal range of nasal septal deviation (r = 0.294, P < 0.001), and moderate positive significant association with coronal angle about septal deviation (r = 0.404, P < 0.001) Conclusions: Columella nasi symmetry affected by septal deviation, whereas there is lack of evidence to say symmetry of nasal tip and base affected by septal deviation. The symmetry of nasal tip and alar base are not just determined by nasal septum deviation. The nasal septum deviation show difference in different cleft type.