Comparative Analysis of Three Different Microstrip Patch Antennas on the Rat Model

In this paper, three different microstrip patch antennas are designed to operate in the ISM band (2.4-2.45 GHz) and their effect on the rat model is analyzed. At first, a rectangular microstrip patch antenna is designed. Then the patch is converted into P-shape and E-shape with an aim to reduce the return loss and see the effects on rat model. The Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) based EM simulation software XFdtd is used to determine the electric field distributions which has an impact on the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) value. In this work, the designed antennas are mounted on the rat model and comparison is made among them. Along with the parameters such as return loss, bandwidth, efficiency, the SAR is analyzed. All the three proposed antennas can be used for head-mountable Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) device. The E-shaped antenna gives better results among the three. In the three proposed antenna, Rogers (R03210) material with relative permittivity of 10.2, loss tangent of 0.0027 is used as the substrate with a thickness of 1.58 mm and coaxial feeding is used for the antennas.