Comparison of the vascular relaxant effects of ATP-dependent K+ channel openers on aorta and pulmonary artery isolated from spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar-Kyoto rats

The vasorelaxant actions of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP)-dependent K+ channel openers and sodium nitroprusside in isolated thoracic aorta and pulmonary artery of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats (14-18 weeks old) were investigated. Cumulative addition of sodium nitroprusside and different ATP-dependent K+ channel openers (pinacidil, cromakalim, nicorandil, 2-(2 "(1 ",3 "-dioxolone)-2-methyl-4-(2'-oxo-l'-pyrrolidinyl)-6-nitro-2H-1-benzopyren (KR-30450) and aprikalim) to these preparations caused a concentration-dependent relaxation of noradrenaline-pre-contracted aorta and pulmonary artery from both strains. The relative order of relaxation potency, estimated by comparing the IC50, was sodium nitroprusside > KR-30450 > aprikalim greater than or equal to cromakalim > pinacidil > nicorandil in pulmonary artery and aorta from both strains. At high concentrations (greater than or equal to 1 mu M), cromakalim, aprikalim and KR-30450 produced a greater percentage relaxation in SHR aorta than in WKY aorta. However, there was no apparent difference between SHR and WKY in the relaxation response to all drugs tested on the pulmonary artery. The effects of cromakalim, aprikalim, pinacidil and KR-30450 observed in aorta and pulmonary artery were significantly attenuated by 3 mu M glibenclamide. 6-Anilino-5,8-quinolinequinone (LY 83583, 1 mu M), a soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor, abolished the vasorelaxant effects of nicorandil and sodium nitroprusside. In conclusion, sodium nitroprusside and ATP-dependent K+ channel openers cause relaxation of noradrenaline-pre-contracted aorta and pulmonary artery from both strains. However, all the drugs tested failed to cause selective relaxation of the pulmonary artery relative to the thoracic aorta. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.