Predicting exercise in older Americans: Using the theory of planned behavior

Introduction: Given the benefits of exercise, and low participation, promoting exercise in older Americans is a national goal. Methods: This study used a survey to military beneficiaries using the theory of planned behavior and measurements of physical activity. Results: The response rate was 81.6%. The percentage of respondents who get regular exercise [61.2%] was not different from that in national samples. Those getting regular exercise were more likely to state that their doctor recommends exercise (p < 0.01). The theory of planned behavior regression model, using variables for attitude, social norm, and perceived behavioral control, is strongly associated with intent to exercise; the addition of habit significantly adds to this model (R-2 = 0.468, p < 0.001). Discussion: The theory of planned behavior is a valid model for predicting both the intention to exercise and actual exercise in older adults. This study emphasizes the role of clinicians and this model in promoting exercise in older persons.