Advanced Chemophenetic Analysis of Essential Oil from Leaves of Piper gaudichaudianum Kunth (Piperaceae) Using a New Reduction-Oxidation Index to Explore Seasonal and Circadian Rhythms

被引：15

作者：

Ramos, Ygor Jesse ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
]}

da Costa-Oliveira, Claudete ^{[4
]}

Candido-Fonseca, Irene ^{[4
]}

de Queiroz, George Azevedo ^{[3
]}

Guimaraes, Elsie Franklin ^{[2
]}

e Defaveri, Anna C. Antunes ^{[3
]}

Sadgrove, Nicholas John ^{[5
]}

Moreira, Davyson de Lima ^{[1
,2
,4
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Inst Biol, Posgrad Biol Vegetal, BR-20550013 Maracana, RJ, Brazil

[2] Inst Pesquisas Jardim Bot Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria Pesquisa, BR-22460030 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[3] Inst Pesquisas Jardim Bot Rio de Janeiro, Ctr Responsabilidade Socioambiental, BR-22460030 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[4] Farmanguinhos, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, BR-21041250 Manguinho, RJ, Brazil

[5] Royal Bot Gardens Kew, Jodrell Sci Lab, Richmond TW9 3DS, Surrey, England

来源：

PLANTS-BASEL | 2021年 / 10卷 / 10期

关键词：

Piper; medicinal plant; terpenoids; chemodiversity; chemophenetic; PRESSURIZED LIQUID EXTRACTION; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; CLADOSPORIUM-CLADOSPORIOIDES; PHYTOCHEMICAL EVOLUTION; ABSOLUTE-CONFIGURATION; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; MEDICINAL-PLANTS; BENZOIC-ACID; BIOSYNTHESIS; ATTRACTION;

D O I：

10.3390/plants10102116

中图分类号：

Q94 [植物学];

学科分类号：

071001 ;

摘要：

The aromatic species Piper gaudichaudianum Kunth (Piperaceae) is widely used in Brazil for medicinal and ritualistic applications. In the current study, chemophenetic patterns were realized across season and circadian rhythm based on the chemical profile of essential oils (EOs) from leaves. Hydrodistilled essential oils were analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID, and a new calculation of metabolite oxidation level, averaged for each individual molecule component of the EO, was used to explore the patterns of metabolism/biosynthesis. This new index used an intermediate calculation, the 'weighted average redox standard' (S-RO), to enable a value for mixtures of metabolites to be generated, the 'general mixture redox index' (GM(OR)). The indices were subjected to a proof-of-concept approach by making comparison to outcomes from multivariate analyses, i.e., PCA and HCA. Chemical analysis demonstrated that the essential oils were dominated by sesquiterpenes, constructed of 15 classes of compound (C-skeletons), and 4 C-skeletons were recognized in the monoterpene group, giving a total of 19. The variation of chemical profiles was distinct at different phenological stages, but stronger chemical variation was evident between day and night as compared to season. Furthermore, due to comprehensive sampling across different regions, nine chemotypes were recognized, including those previously reported. The S-RO and GM(RO) indices demonstrate that phenological variation of chemistry is mainly an outcome of redox fluctuations in terpene biosynthesis, changing from day to night. These indices also corroborate that chemical diversity is increased with oxidative metabolism. Lastly, the current study demonstrates pronounced phenotypic plasticity in P. gaudichaudianum, which makes it a suitable candidate to help further our understanding of chemophenetics and chemical ecology.

引用

页数：42