Role of Active Morphing in the Aerodynamic Performance of Flapping Wings in Formation Flight
被引:4
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作者:
Billingsley, Ethan
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机构:
New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USANew Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
Billingsley, Ethan
[1
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Ghommem, Mehdi
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机构:
Amer Univ Sharjah, Dept Mech Engn, Sharjah 26666, U Arab EmiratesNew Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
Ghommem, Mehdi
[2
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Vasconcellos, Rui
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Sao Paulo State Univ, UNESP, Campus Sao Joao da Boa Vista, BR-01049010 Sao Paulo, BrazilNew Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
Vasconcellos, Rui
[3
]
Abdelkefi, Abdessattar
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New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USANew Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
Abdelkefi, Abdessattar
[1
]
机构:
[1] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
[2] Amer Univ Sharjah, Dept Mech Engn, Sharjah 26666, U Arab Emirates
[3] Sao Paulo State Univ, UNESP, Campus Sao Joao da Boa Vista, BR-01049010 Sao Paulo, Brazil
Migratory birds have the ability to save energy during flight by arranging themselves in a V-formation. This arrangement enables an increase in the overall efficiency of the group because the wake vortices shed by each of the birds provide additional lift and thrust to every member. Therefore, the aerodynamic advantages of such a flight arrangement can be exploited in the design process of micro air vehicles. One significant difference when comparing the anatomy of birds to the design of most micro air vehicles is that bird wings are not completely rigid. Birds have the ability to actively morph their wings during the flapping cycle. Given these aspects of avian flight, the objective of this work is to incorporate active bending and torsion into multiple pairs of flapping wings arranged in a V-formation and to investigate their aerodynamic behavior using the unsteady vortex lattice method. To do so, the first two bending and torsional mode shapes of a cantilever beam are considered and the aerodynamic characteristics of morphed wings for a range of V-formation angles, while changing the group size in order to determine the optimal configuration that results in maximum propulsive efficiency, are examined. The aerodynamic simulator incorporating the prescribed morphing is qualitatively verified using experimental data taken from trained kestrel flights. The simulation results demonstrate that coupled bending and twisting of the first mode shape yields the highest propulsive efficiency over a range of formation angles. Furthermore, the optimal configuration in terms of propulsive efficiency is found to be a five-body V-formation incorporating coupled bending and twisting of the first mode at a formation angle of 140 degrees. These results indicate the potential improvement in the aerodynamic performance of the formation flight when introducing active morphing and bioinspiration.
机构:
Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USAUniv Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
Kang, C. -K.
Aono, H.
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Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USAUniv Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
Aono, H.
Cesnik, C. E. S.
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Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USAUniv Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
Cesnik, C. E. S.
Shyy, W.
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机构:
Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaUniv Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
机构:
Univ Rostock, Inst Biosci, Dept Anim Physiol, Albert Einstein Str 3, D-18059 Rostock, GermanyUniv Rostock, Inst Biosci, Dept Anim Physiol, Albert Einstein Str 3, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
O'Callaghan, Felicity
Sarig, Amir
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机构:
Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Zool, Fac Life Sci, IL-6997801 Tel Aviv, IsraelUniv Rostock, Inst Biosci, Dept Anim Physiol, Albert Einstein Str 3, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
Sarig, Amir
Ribak, Gal
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机构:
Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Zool, Fac Life Sci, IL-6997801 Tel Aviv, IsraelUniv Rostock, Inst Biosci, Dept Anim Physiol, Albert Einstein Str 3, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
Ribak, Gal
Lehmann, Fritz-Olaf
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机构:
Univ Rostock, Inst Biosci, Dept Anim Physiol, Albert Einstein Str 3, D-18059 Rostock, GermanyUniv Rostock, Inst Biosci, Dept Anim Physiol, Albert Einstein Str 3, D-18059 Rostock, Germany