Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown: An Emerging Biomarker of Cognitive Impairment in Normal Aging and Dementia

被引：117
|
作者：
Hussain, Basharat [1 ,2 ]
Fang, Cheng [1 ]
Chang, Junlei [1 ]
机构：
[1] Chinese Acad Sci, Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol, Inst Biomed & Biotechnol, Shenzhen Key Lab Biomimet Mat & Cellular Immunomo, Shenzhen, Peoples R China
[2] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China
来源：
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE | 2021年 / 15卷
基金：
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词：
blood-brain barrier; biomarkers; cognitive impairment; aging; dementia; CEREBRAL AMYLOID ANGIOPATHY; RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN-1; WHITE-MATTER LESIONS; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; OXIDATIVE STRESS; NEUROVASCULAR UNIT; VASCULAR DEMENTIA; P-GLYCOPROTEIN;
D O I：
10.3389/fnins.2021.688090
中图分类号：
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号：
071006 ;
摘要：
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a vital role in maintaining the specialized microenvironment of the neural tissue. It separates the peripheral circulatory system from the brain parenchyma while facilitating communication. Alterations in the distinct physiological properties of the BBB lead to BBB breakdown associated with normal aging and various neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we first briefly discuss the aging process, then review the phenotypes and mechanisms of BBB breakdown associated with normal aging that further cause neurodegeneration and cognitive impairments. We also summarize dementia such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) and subsequently discuss the phenotypes and mechanisms of BBB disruption in dementia correlated with cognition decline. Overlaps between AD and VaD are also discussed. Techniques that could identify biomarkers associated with BBB breakdown are briefly summarized. Finally, we concluded that BBB breakdown could be used as an emerging biomarker to assist to diagnose cognitive impairment associated with normal aging and dementia.
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页数：22
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