An Elective Course in Cardiovascular Electrophysiology for Pharmacy Learners

Objective. To implement an integrated, comprehensive, and learner-centered elective course focused at exposing learners to the interpretation of electrocardiograms and highlighting the mechanisms underlining the abnormal electrophysiological events. Design. Learners were presented with foundational information on the mechanisms underlying electrophysiological changes associated with the development of arrhythmias. They then discussed the interpretation of electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings and diagnosis of cardiovascular events. Teaching formats included "chalk-talk" and didactic sessions, case-based exercises providing hands-on evaluation of ECG recordings, and high-fidelity simulation presenting cases of arrhythmias. The course design emphasized critical thinking, learner engagement, and development of problem-solving skills. Learners were assessed by formal assignments, examinations, and in-class quizzes. Assessment. Learner comprehension of the material was assessed using cumulative examinations, inclass quizzes, assignments, and in-class presentations. Learner evaluations showed that the case-based discussions, practice ECGs, review tables, and illustrations enhanced course performance and retention of complex material. Conclusion. The elective course provided in-depth exposure to the mechanisms underlying electrophysiological aberrations resulting in arrhythmias. It gave learners an opportunity to learn the art of ECG interpretation and to apply their knowledge in simulated scenarios. As clinical teams adopt a multidisciplinary team approach to patient care, acquiring these skills enriches learner experiences and allows them to expand their role and professional opportunities as pharmacists.