Physiological Behavior of Two Algerian Wheat Genotypes Grown Under Saline Conditions

The performances of two Algerian local genotypes: Mohamed Ben Bachir and Oued Zenati, tested under NaCl stress showed an ability to withstand moderate salt concentrations. It appeared that salinity affected normal physiological functions of these wheat genotypes, expressed by the imbalance in water relations, mineral balance and proline accumulation in the two genotypes. It was noted that these genotypes showed a low leaf water potential (Psi(w)) associated with suitable relative water content (RWC), which maintained tissuehydration. It appears the decline in water potential is not due to water loss but to significant accumulation of Na+ and proline which can satisfactorily supply tissues with water. This is possible through osmoregulation mechanism sealed by the fundamental role of membrane integrity to regulate cellular permeability. Physiologically, this is a quantitative rather than a qualitative difference of physiological behavior between these genotypes. The physiological mechanisms associated with less affect on water relation and Na+ afflux probably contributed for the higher salt tolerance in M.B. Bachir than in the O. Zenati genotype. Therefore, these genotypes could be considered salt tolerant and are suitable in improving durum wheat's salt tolerance.