Genetic polymorphisms in ABCA1 (rs2230806 and rs1800977) and LIPC (rs2070895) genes and their association with the risk of type 2 diabetes: a case control study

Background and aim Adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and hepatic lipase (LIPC) genes both play an important role in lipid metabolism. ABCA1 and LIPC gene polymorphism has been reported with conflicting results as genetic risk factor for T2DM in different populations. Due to lack of conclusive data from India, present study was conducted to assess the association of ABCA1 and LIPC gene polymorphisms with T2DM risk in the North Indian population. Methods Two SNPs (G656A and C69T) in ABCA1 gene and one SNP (G-250A) in LIPC gene were genotyped in total of 270 subjects using PCR-RFLP genotyping method. Results The polymorphism at position G656A in ABCA1 and at position G-250A in LIPC gene was significantly associated with development of T2DM (p = 0.016, p = 0.001). Significant association could not be observed between C69T variant of ABCA1 gene and T2DM. Regression analysis also showed that ABCA1 variant G656A and LIPC variant G-250A are associated with T2DM risk in adjusted model for clinical/demographic variables (p = 0.000 and p = 0.034). The levels of total Chl and LDL-C were significantly higher in T2DM patients having GA + AA genotype of ABCA1 gene at SNP G656A (p = 0.012 and p = 0.021). However, BMI, HOMA-IR, TG, and insulin levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients having GA + AA genotype of LIPC gene at SNP G-250A (p = 0.011, 0.048, 0.017, 0.045 respectively). Conclusion It can be concluded that A allele of ABCA1 variant G656A and LIPC variant G-250A might serve as risk factors in the development of T2DM in the North Indian population.