Interocean exchange of Glacial North Atlantic intermediate water: Evidence from Subantarctic Cd/Ca and carbon isotope measurements

New measurements of Cd/Ca ratios for glacial benthic foraminifera from the continental shelf and slope off Tasmania and South Australia are presented. When combined with glacial carbon isotope measurements [Lynch-Stieglitz ed al., 1994], these data from the glacial Subantarctic Zone suggest that a water mass with a high value of the conservative tracer delta(13)C(as) occupied not only the shallow (1-2 km) portions of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans but was present in the glacial Subantarctic as well. The oceanic Cd concentrations, Cd-W, predicted for the glacial Subantarctic are intermediate between those from the glacial Atlantic and the glacial Pacific, supporting the idea that Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Water may have reached the intermediate depth Pacific via the Antarctic Circumpolar Circulation [Lynch-Stieglitz and Fairbanks, 1994].